Invited Symposium: European Immersion: Context, Content and Cognition
Friday, October 17, 3:00 pm, Room: Great River Ballroom II & III 
Siv Björklund, Centre for Immersion and Multilingualism, University of Vaasa
Karita Mård-Miettinen, Centre for Immersion and Multilingualism, University of Vaasa

The development of immersion programs in Europe is closely linked to the language history and language needs of individual nations and regional areas. The aim of this symposium on European immersion is to start with an historical overview of the implementation of immersion programs in different parts of Europe. The discussion will then shift from more locally oriented, program-based initiatives to current global European perspectives on language education. Brief presentations of key features such as language competence and evaluation, immersion teaching and content-specific knowledge in a second language will be analyzed and used as starting points for discussion among symposium participants.

Invited Symposium: Imagine Revitalization: Creating Ojibwe and Dakota Immersion Teachers
Friday, October 17, 3:00 pm, Room: Governors IV 
Mary Hermes, University of Minnesota Duluth
Hemi Dale, University of Auckland, New Zealand
Brendan Fairbanks, Twin Cities
Tara Fortune, Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition
Leslie Harper, Niigaane Ojibwe Immersion Program
Keiki Kawaiaea, University of Hawai’i at Hilo
Brian McInnes, University of Minnesota Duluth
Neil McKay, University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Keller Paap, Waadookodaading Ojibwe Immersion School
Diane Tedick, University of Minnesota Twin Cities

Minnesota and Wisconsin's budding indigenous immersion movement has created an immediate need for teachers with both a high level of language proficiency and elementary education teaching skills. In this session, Dakota and Ojibwe immersion school teachers will discuss with University faculty from Dakota, Ojibwe, Hawaiian, and Maori immersion contexts how we can work across institutions to create programs to grow indigenous immersion teachers.